Armed conflict is a complex phenomenon with widespread and profound economic repercussions that require effective conflict management, prevention, and resolution. A comprehensive approach that addresses the root causes of armed conflict is essential to achieving lasting peace and prosperity.
A variety of factors contribute to the emergence of armed conflict, including a desire by certain factions to impose their will over others; the presence of easily accessible and exportable resources that can be used as a source of income for rebel groups; differences in cultural or religious values, and an imbalance in power relations among states and non-state actors. These factors are often interrelated and mutually reinforcing.
Identities also play a significant role in the onset of armed conflict. Identity, encompassing ethnic, religious, or cultural affiliations, can lead to an individual’s propensity to resort to violence when perceived as being threatened or marginalized. It is therefore important to promote tolerance and respect for diversity in societies prone to armed conflict.
Globally, armed conflicts frequently result in mass displacement of populations and engender intricate humanitarian crises. The impact on civilians is devastating: they are killed, wounded, abducted, arbitrarily detained or separated from their families, and denied basic rights such as access to water, food, medicine, education and shelter.
Moreover, the failure of state systems to provide people with an adequate standard of living is a major factor in conflict. The need to survive is fundamental and a prerequisite for the satisfaction of other needs, such as the need for safety, belonging to a community, self-esteem, and personal fulfilment.
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